Acute cardiovascular events are common in patients hospitalized with influenza

Référence

Chow EJ, Rolfes MA, O'Halloran A, et al. Acute cardiovascular events associated with influenza in hospitalized adults. Ann Intern Med 2020 Aug 25 [Epub ahead of print] doi:10.7326/M20-1509.

Sommaire

Using data sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, these investigators evaluated the prevalence of cardiovascular events in adult patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza between 2000 to 2018. Acute cardiovascular events were identified using primary and secondary discharge diagnostic codes. Laboratory-confirmed influenza was defined as a positive test result within 14 days before or 3 days after hospital admission. The mean age of the 80,261 patients in the cohort was 69 years and 39.2% had not received an influenza vaccine in the current season. Ultimately, 11.7% experienced an acute cardiovascular event. The most common events were acute heart failure (6.2%) and acute ischemic heart disease (5.7%). Factors associated with higher risk of acute heart failure and acute ischemic heart disease included older age, current tobacco use, diabetes, and underlying chronic cardiovascular and renal disease. Further, in all patients who had acute cardiovascular events, 31.2% required intensive care unit admission, 14.0% received mechanical ventilation, and 7.3% died in the hospital. Of note, patients vaccinated against influenza prior to hospitalization were at a lower risk for these events (heart failure: adjusted relative risk [aRR] 0.86; 95% CI 0.80 - 0.92; ischemic heart disease: aRR 0.80; 0.74 - 0.87). A previous meta-analysis also showed a reduced risk of adverse cardiovascular events in high-risk patients who had received influenza vaccination.